Exploration of Kras Mutations and Their Potential for Being a Target Molecule in Cancer Chemotherapy

The Rat sarcoma virus (RAS) family of proteins, which includes the Kristen (KRAS), is linked to nearly one-fourth all human cancers. KRAS mutations, in particular, are associated with Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC), colorectal cancer, adenocarcinomas, ovarian carcinoma, and endometrial tumors. activates 80 different signaling pathways, including Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), up-regulates transcription factors such as ETS like Protein (ELK), Jun Proto-Oncogene (JUN), Myelocytomatosis (MYC), involved cell differentiation, proliferation, transformation, survival. mutations also known cause autocrine function, further exacerbates situation. In NSCLC, have a strong positive correlation disease, particularly patients smoking history. pancreatic dominant pathological basis, most being G12D, G12V, G13D, G13C, G13S, G13R. These serve initial markers tumorigenesis poor prognosis high mortality rates. contribute 4/5 cases, cellular mechanisms involving MAPK pathway, resists anti-epidermal growth factor antibodies. Low-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (LGSOC), altered pathway drug resistance. However, treatments Selumetinib, down regulator RAS/Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma (RAF)/Mitogen-activated kinase (MEK) combination trametinib buparlisib shown promise managing LGSOC when diagnosed early through mutation markers. Although commonly many types their use clinical practice limited due lack accurate methods identify them. It needed isolate products correlate cancer-causing genes make it promising approach for cancer chemotherapy.